Hey, 0 is the default value of any storage variable. Rewriting an existing value is free (at least in storage cost).

nope in l1 the default is 0 you can test yourself on remix:

`address public uninitialized;`

Hey,
As each storage value is by default initialized to 0, does writing it to zero actually do something? Does it use storage in layer 1 with value 0? Or does it just do nothing?
Should I check that the value I want to write is different than 0 before writing it otherwise I will waste storage?

The same idea: does writing a storage value to 0 free storage on l1

Newton

Does writing it to zero actually do something?

Is there a way to call another function or contract and 'expect it to fail' without failing the whole transaction?


ㅤ
_This question was originally posted on [Triality](https://triality.org/question/410)_

Expect function call to fail in cairo?

Hi everyone, I have a technical question:

We know that L2s are taking transaction load off of the Ethereum, but how is that process taking place? Is there a threshold of optimum transaction speed/cost? Are L2s only intervening when the L1 is congested or that threshold is passed?

_This question was originally posted on [StarkNet Discord](https://www.newton.so/view?tags=discord)_

 Is there a threshold of optimum transaction speed/cost in L2s?

Hey guys, quick question. What should I use to execute abi.encodePacked from solidity in starknet?

_This question was originally posted on [StarkNet Discord](https://www.newton.so/view?tags=discord)_

What should I use to execute abi.encodePacked from solidity in starknet?

In the following function I am presented with the following error, even though my code does not make it to this function. What am I doing wrong?


`func fill_in_row{output_ptr: felt*}(row_idx : felt, row_size : felt, curr_row : felt*) {` 


 `if (row_idx == row_size-2) {`


 `return ();`


 `}`


 `let val : felt = curr_row[row_idx-1] + curr_row[row_idx];`


 `serialize_word(val);`


 `curr_row[row_idx+1] = val;`


 `return fill_in_row(row_idx+1, row_size, curr_row);`


`}`


Error: code:80:5: While expanding the reference 'curr_row' in:


 curr_row[row_idx+1] = val;


 ^******^


code:72:73: Expected a register. Found: [fp + (-4)].


ㅤ
_This question was originally posted on [Triality](https://triality.org/question/1156)_

Cairo Error: Getting Error while setting value of item in array

Hello! This is day 12 of the 17 days of the Cairo Challenge. And I have no idea how to solve the [playground](https://www.cairo-lang.org/playground/) exercise “Structs.  Perhaps you can help me?

```
// In this challenge you're going to implement a stack using a linked list.
//
// Add the missing code so that main() runs successfully.

from starkware.cairo.common.registers import get_fp_and_pc

struct Node {
    // A pointer to the next node in the stack.
    next: Node*,

    // The value of the node.
    value: felt,

    // The number of elements in the stack.
    size: felt,
}

// Returns an empty stack.
func empty_stack() -> (stack: Node*) {
    alloc_locals;
    local new_node: Node;
    assert new_node.next = cast(0, Node*);
    assert new_node.value = 0;
    assert new_node.size = 0;

    // The usage of get_fp_and_pc() here is necessary in order
    // to access the address of a local variable (&new_node).
    // You can read more about get_fp_and_pc() [here](https://cairo-lang.org/docs/how_cairo_works/functions.html#retrieving-registers).
    let (local __fp__, _) = get_fp_and_pc();
    return (stack=&new_node);
}

// Adds a node to the top of the stack.
// Returns the updated stack (since Cairo is immutable, you can still use the
// old copy of the stack).
func push(stack: Node*, value: felt) -> (stack: Node*) {
    alloc_locals;
    local new_node: Node;
    // Fix and uncomment below.
    // assert new_node.next = ...
    // assert new_node.value = ...
    // assert new_node.size = ...

    let (__fp__, _) = get_fp_and_pc();
    return (stack=&new_node);
}

// Removes the top element of the stack.
// Returns the updated stack and the element that was removed.
func pop(stack: Node*) -> (stack: Node*, value: felt) {
    return (stack=stack.next, value=stack.value);
}

// Returns the value of the n-th element from the top of the stack.
func stack_at(stack: Node*, n: felt) -> (value: felt) {
    if (n == 0) {
        // Add your code here.
    }

    // Add your code here.
}

func main() -> () {
    alloc_locals;
    // Start with an empty stack.
    let (stack) = empty_stack();
    // Push 1, 10, 100.
    let (stack) = push(stack, 1);
    let (stack) = push(stack, 10);
    let (local stack) = push(stack, 100);

    // Check the size of the stack.
    assert stack.size = 3;

    // Query the stack at indices 0, 1 and 2.
    let (value) = stack_at(stack, 0);
    assert value = 100;
    let (value) = stack_at(stack, 1);
    assert value = 10;
    let (value) = stack_at(stack, 2);
    assert value = 1;

    // Pop the top 2 values (100 and 10) and push 1000.
    let (stack, value) = pop(stack);
    assert value = 100;
    let (stack, value) = pop(stack);
    assert value = 10;
    let (local stack) = push(stack, 1000);

    // Query the stack at indices 0 and 1.
    let (value) = stack_at(stack, 0);
    assert value = 1000;
    let (value) = stack_at(stack, 1);
    assert value = 1;

    return ();
}
```

---

> Answers to this question are a part of the ✨ 17 days of Cairo Lang with Playground & Newton. ✨
> 

*Vote for your favorite answer - the best answer will win a $10 award. A new day – a new reward! During the next 17 days, our goal is to attract more developers to the Cairo language and to systematize the knowledge of Cairo lang. [Read rules](https://www.notion.so/17-days-of-Cairo-Lang-with-Newton-550dfcda6a2d449ca468be293c776578)*

How to create Structs in Cairo Lang for StarkNet?

Do any of you know where I can find the list of the decorators available in Cairo, please?

List of Cairo Decorators

Hey how can I get ETH for the test net in StarkNet?

_This question was originally posted on [StarkNet Discord](https://www.newton.so/view?tags=discord)_

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